Example of a primary drying design space graph showing sublimation
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Figure A1. Product temperature for 5.4 mL and 10.6 mL fill volumes
Practical Considerations for Freeze-Drying Process Design, Development and Scale-Up American Pharmaceutical Review - The Review of American Pharmaceutical Business & Technology
Akhilesh BHAMBHANI, Merck & Co., Whitehouse Station
Sublimation interface location versus primary drying time – a 8.25 mm
The graphical design space for the primary drying phase of freeze Drying: Factors affecting the dried product layer resistance - ScienceDirect
Full article: Quality by design: optimization of a freeze-drying cycle via design space in case of heterogeneous drying behavior and influence of the freezing protocol
Recommended Best Practices for Lyophilization Validation-2021 Part
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Example of a primary drying design space graph showing sublimation
Ehab MOUSSA, Senior Scientist, PhD, AbbVie, Illinois
LYOPHILIZATION - Process Monitoring During Freeze-Drying
